Alpha-Mangostin Enhances Radiosensitivity in HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells by Pimvaree Aissara Ausanai Prapan & Chanyatip Suwannasing

Author:Pimvaree Aissara, Ausanai Prapan & Chanyatip Suwannasing
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Tags: Radiotherapy (RT) is a standard treatment for cervical cancer, but its efficacy is often limited by tumor hypoxia and low radiosensitivity. Radiosensitizers that enhance RT without dose escalation are therefore of clinical interest. Alpha-mangostin (AM), a xanthone from Garcinia mangostana, exhibits anticancer and ROS-inducing properties. This study evaluated whether AM enhances radiosensitivity in vitro. Cytotoxicity (0–35 M) was assessed by the MTT assay, and radiation sensitivity (0–6 Gy) was assessed by clonogenic survival. -H2AX immunofluorescence, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis induction, and clonogenic survival assessments were used to investigate the radiosensitization effect. AM showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HeLa cells at an inhibitory concentration 20 (IC20) of13.67 M while sparing fibroblasts. The radiation lethal dose 20 (LD20) was 1.4 Gy. However, combination treatment used AM at 12 M (IC14) combined with 2 Gy (LD30) irradiation to avoid 50% cell death. AM enhanced G2/M arrest by 21.10% (p < 0.01) versus controls. In combination treatment, AM significantly increased -H2AX-positive cells to 48.2% (p < 0.0001), elevated apoptosis to 39.48% (p < 0.0001), and decreased clonogenic survival to 28% (p < 0.0001) compared with control. A combination index of about 0.9 indicated synergism. Therefore, AM effectively radiosensitized HeLa cells via increased DNA double-strand breaks and G2/M arrest., cervical cancer; Alpha-mangostin; radiotherapy; radiosensitizer; G2/M arrest


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